Research

Work in Progress

Family Spillovers of Miscarriage

Lea-Karla Matić

March 2025

Using Austrian administrative data, I estimate the causal effect of miscarriage on women’s labor market and health outcomes, as well as spillover effects on close family members. To do so, I construct counterfactuals for affected individuals from those who experience a miscarriage at a later point in time. The results show that affected women experience short-term labor market detachment, worsening mental health, and increased investment in future fertility. Subsequent fertility shapes these effects, with more persistent adverse outcomes among women without a subsequent birth. For spouses, I find suggestive evidence of mental health effects, but no significant changes in labor supply or fertility-related investments beyond those observed prior to the loss. For sisters, the results indicate increased preventive reproductive healthcare use that is not explained by their own pregnancies.

Working Paper →

Fig. 1 · Incidence rate of miscarriage

End-of-Life Medical Spending: Patterns and Household Spillovers

Alexander Ahammer, Lea-Karla Matić

March 2025

Medical spending is highly concentrated at the end of life and varies widely across patients, raising a first-order welfare question about whether marginal end-of-life spending reflects waste or generates meaningful benefits. Using Austrian administrative data, we document that end-of-life spending has grown markedly over time and remains highly dispersed even conditional on diagnosis, with predicted mortality explaining only a small share of the variation. We then study a largely underexplored margin: spillovers onto surviving spouses. Event study estimates show large and persistent changes in spouses’ employment and healthcare use around spousal death. However, these dynamics are essentially invariant to the decedent’s end-of-life spending intensity, a finding that is robust to different measures of spending intensity and to an instrumental variables design exploiting provider-level practice variation. Together, these results are consistent with an important role for inefficiencies in end-of-life care.

Working Paper →

Fig. 1 · Medical spending relative to death

The Right to Parental Part-Time Work in Austria

Lea-Karla Matić, Johanna Luise Reuter

March 2026

Part-time work is a central yet understudied policy margin through which governments seek to reconcile paid employment and family responsibilities. This paper estimates the causal effects of Austria’s 2004 introduction of a legal right to parental part-time work for employees in firms with more than 20 workers. Using rich administrative data and a triple-difference-in-differences design, we show that the reform generates large and persistent increases in part-time work but only modest and short-lived effects on labor market attachment. Instead, post-birth adjustment occurs through both higher employer retention and subsequent fertility. These gains come with persistent earnings losses and a higher child penalty, especially in sectors with steep returns to long and continuous working hours. We also find adverse short-term effects on maternal mental health with no evidence of long-term impacts.

Fig. 1 · Event study estimates: Part-Time Employment